1

2 - shift is 13 3 - same as shift of 13 4 - N is a shift of 13, key repeats 5 - same as 4, repeated key 8 - true, value of A is 0, no effect

2

1 - shift is 22 3 - equivalent of shift of 22

3

No, both 4 gives ARENA, 13 gives RIVER, so they cannot decide.

4

No, information is lost Encryption function is not a bijection

5

Begin by constructing 5x5 grid:

Text to encrypt: “MEET ME AT HAMMERSMITH BRIDGE TONIGHT” Using the filler

MEETMEATHAMXMERSMITHBRIDMETONIGHTX
GDDOGDRQARKYGDHDNKPRDAMSOGUPGKICQY

6

Keyword: RELATIONS Plaintext: TO BE OR NOT TO BE THAT IS THE QUESTION

7